CO2 use in Tertiary Oil Recovery; Challanges

The oil life of a reservoir is significantly extended by using CO2 injection. CO2 injection used as artificial lift. Carbon dioxide in oppose to the vapors from coal.
Other forms of artificial lift can be to drill a horizontal well; initiate water injection; thermal recovery and gas injection to extend the life of the industry.
1. CO2 mixes with water to form carbonic acid (+)
2. Creates carbonic acid (+)
3. Attacks iron in carbon steel (-)
4. Fluid speed and compromising the integrity of components (+)
5. CO2 strips resins from asphaltene (+)
6. Releases asphaltenes that have a negative charge (+)
7. Asphaltenes attach to iron (positive charge) present in carbon steel (-)
8. Pump and tubing gets choked with asphaltene buildup (-)
9. Aromatics (+)
10. Xylene is injected to combat asphaltenes (+)
11. Certain elastomers are attacked (+)
12. Free gas (+)
13. Pump performance is reduced (-)
14. Carbonate scaling (-)
15. Scale coats pump surfaces (-)
16. Pump performance is reduced (-)

Sun Produces Energy

Light and heat comes from the sun. 

Some people believed that the sun is a giant burning coal., others idea that the meteorites falling into the sun released its energy. 

 The nuclear energy in the sun is eminence. 

Thermonuclear fusion where nuclei of atoms join together.

The changing of Hydrogen into helium in the sun results in release into heat and light.
 Hydrogen , the most abundant element in the universe makes up approximately three-fourths of the sun's mass.

Energy Investing

Trinidad's energy Sector is looking inward and outward. The need to attract investment is necessary to stand globally. Foreign investment is a major catalyst for the development of the country. Foreign investment triggers and stimulates technology advancements , facilitates human capital formation , international trade and integration, generates competition , new opportunities for local enterprise and talent development. If the nature of the business is competitive the income increase would also be competitive. For foreign investment to be efficient it requires supportive local policies, a predictable regulatory environment and an absence of unnecessary administrative hurdles to business.

In the 2012-2013 global competitiveness index (GDI) Trinidad &  Tobago's rank dropped from 81 to 84 out of 144 countries. 

Trinidad is strong in macroeconomic environment , health and primary education , judicial independence and gross national savings. In addition, based on the index, productivity is low, flexibility of wage determination is too rigid and industrial relations climate is characterized by adversarial wrangling and lack of cooperation. 

Sun

The sun is an amazing source of energy, it makes up 99.8% of the mass of the entire solar system.

The mass of the sun is 1,047 times that of Jupiter, the largest planet of the solar system.

It is about 333,000 times of the Earth.

Objects weigh more on the sun than they do on earth.

The sun was born about 4,600,000,000 years ago. scientists say.

It formed when gravity pulled gas and dust together.
As the mass contracted the center became so hot that nuclear reactions began producing the sun's energy.

A person who weighs 45 kilograms on the earth would weigh 1270 kilograms on the sun.
Zones of the sun are the photo sphere (5500 degC); convection zone (1,100,000 degC); radiative zone (2,500,000 degC) and the core (15,000,000 degC).

Sun spots occur at the photosphere. It controls the orbits of the planets through the force of gravity.
Gases are pulled to the center of the sun.

Three - fourths of the mass of the sun consists of hydrogen, the lightest known element. a fourth consists of helium. The sun spins like a top, just as the earth revolves around the sun; the #sun revolves around the center of the Milky Way galaxy.
The sun makes a month to spin around its axis.
225 million years to rotate around the Milky Way galaxy.
More than 100 billion stars make up the Milky Way, which is only one of the billions of galaxies in the universe.
The sun provides heat and light for life, affects the #weather and creates a green house effect.
The sun is an energy source.
Solar energy is widely used in the industry a natural resource from the sun. Human culture adopted the sun as a God in mythology and sun worship, ancient peoples built monuments to the sun.
It is used in art, literature and music. It acts as a thermonuclear furnace when discussing solar energy theories and solar magnetism. There are solar flares, solar radiation, prominences , solar eruption and solar wind.